今回は『大腸と小腸』の小話を少し。。
豊かな人生を謳歌するにも腸内環境と整えることは、とても大切です。
大腸の病気は多く聞くけれど、小腸の病気って滅多に聞かないですよね。その理由もお話ししますね。
大腸がんや大腸ポリーブ、潰瘍性大腸炎、過敏性腸症候群など、人間の臓器のなかで一番病気の種類が多いのが大腸です。これらの病名を聞いたことがない人は、ほとんどいないと思います。
ところが同じ腸でも、小腸の病気といえば十二指腸潰瘍を耳にするくらいで、ほかの病名を聞いたことがある人は、あまりいないでしょう。実際、人間の臓器のなかで一番病気になりにくいのが小腸なのです。
今や日本人の男性の2人に1人、女性の3人に1人はなるがんにしても、小腸がんになった人を知っている人は、極めて少ない。
実際、小腸がんになる人はほとんどいません。一方、大腸がんといえば、2001年から毎年10万人以上が罹患しています。がんを部位別に見ても、男性で3位、女性で1位の死因となっており、近い将来、日本人の死因ワースト1になる、と言われています。
小腸の長さは6～7メートルで、大腸の4倍以上もあります。表面積もテニスコート1面分もあり、大腸の約2倍となっています。消化吸収の80％を担っているのも小腸です。その大きさや役割からすると、大腸よりも小腸のほうが病気になりやすいように思う人もいるでしょう。それなのに、どうして小腸のほうが病気になりにくいのでしょうか？ 主な理由は4つあります。
まず1つ目は、小腸の粘膜活性は非常に活発で、1～3日に1回は新しく生まれ変わるからです。このため、たとえば細胞ががん化しても、すぐにその細胞が死んではがれてしまうため、病気になりにくいのです。
2つ目は、やはり、腸内細菌が少ないことや食べかすがすぐに大腸に送り込まれるため、腸内細菌がつくりだす有害物質との遭遇が低いからです。
3つ目は免疫細胞の約50％が小腸にあるからです。このため、病原菌やウイルスなどが小腸を冒そうとしても、すぐにやっつけられてしまうのです。
4つ目は、腸内細菌の多くが大腸に棲み、小腸にはほとんどいないからです。腸内細菌といえば大腸に棲む細菌、といっても過言ではありません。これは腸内細菌のほとんどが、酸素があると生きていけない偏性嫌気性菌だからです。そのため、酸素がある小腸にはほとんどおらず、多くは酸素のない大腸に棲んでいるのです。
もちろん腸内細菌のバランスがよければ問題はないのですが、悪ければ悪玉菌が優勢となって有害物質をつくってしまい、腸内で腐敗が起きるのです。このため、大腸が病気になってしまうのです。
「あらゆる病気の原因は大腸に棲む腸内細菌」ともいわれるように、大腸の病気だけでなく、ほかの病気にもならないよう、腸内細菌のバランスをよくする必要があります。そして、しっかり排便していれば、腸にダマされることはなく、あらゆる病気になる確率がグッと下がります。
いかがでしょうか？♪( ´▽｀) 人間の身体ってスゴイですよね。
【健康という土台で造った美は、揺らがない】
次回もお楽しみに〜
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